Lexical Resource（詞彙資源）佔 25%。考生最大誤解：以為「會多少難字」=「分數高」。錯。
評分員看的是三件事：範圍（用了多少不同詞）、精準（用對地方）、自然（不彆扭）。
官方描述 vs 白話翻譯
| Band | 官方 | 白話 | |------|-------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------| | 9 | wide range used naturally and accurately | 字海，全部用對 | | 8 | wide range; precise meaning; rare slips | 範圍廣 + 精準 + 偶爾小錯 | | 7 | sufficient range; some less common items; aware of style and collocation; some inaccuracies | 有些較難的字 + 知道搭配 + 偶爾錯 | | 6 | adequate range; uses some less common vocabulary but with some inaccuracy | 範圍夠用 + 試了難字但用錯一些 | | 5 | limited range; sufficient for the topic but limited flexibility | 字夠用但選擇少，重複 |
Band 6 → Band 7 的關鍵：不是「會更多字」——是會用 collocation（搭配）。
三個衡量維度
維度 1：範圍（Range）
整篇 280 字 essay 有多少不重複的內容詞（名詞、動詞、形容詞）？
| 不重複內容詞數 | 大概對應 Band | |----------------|----------------| | > 130 | 8.0+ | | 100-130 | 7.0-7.5 | | 80-100 | 6.0-6.5 | | < 80 | 5.0-5.5 |
自我測試：把你最近一篇 essay 的所有名詞動詞圈出來，去重後數一下。
維度 2：精準（Accuracy）
Wrong: The economic of Taiwan is good. Right: The economy of Taiwan is strong.
問題不是「不會字」——是把 economy（名詞）跟 economic（形容詞）搞混。Lexical Resource 6.5 → 7.0 大部分卡在這裡。
維度 3：自然（Awkward Use）
Awkward: The pollution makes the air very disgusting.
Natural: Pollution has rendered the air virtually unbreathable.
disgusting 不是錯字——但用在「空氣」上不自然。Collocation 不對 = awkward。
台灣考生最常用爛的 10 個字（請替換）
| 用爛了 | Band 7+ 替換 | |---------------|----------------------------------------------------| | very good | excellent / outstanding / commendable | | very bad | severe / detrimental / harmful / damaging | | very big | substantial / considerable / significant | | very small | minor / marginal / negligible | | very important| crucial / vital / paramount / pivotal | | many people | a substantial proportion / a significant number | | in my opinion | from my perspective / I would argue / In my view | | nowadays | in contemporary society / in recent decades | | because | given that / owing to / in light of | | good thing | benefit / advantage / merit |
規則：把 essay 裡所有 very + 形容詞 改掉。一個 essay 用一個 very 都不該有。
Collocation：Band 7 的隱形門檻
Collocation = 哪些字「習慣搭配」哪些字。
| 中文 | 對的搭配 | 錯的搭配 | |----------------|---------------------------|----------------------------| | 解決問題 | tackle / address a problem | solve a problem（OK）/ make a problem（錯） | | 採取措施 | take measures / take steps | do measures（錯） | | 嚴重後果 | serious consequences | strong consequences（錯） | | 提出建議 | put forward a suggestion | give out a suggestion（錯）| | 重大影響 | significant impact | big impact（口語） | | 強烈反對 | strongly oppose | hardly oppose（錯） | | 全心投入 | devote oneself to | give oneself to（錯） | | 達成目標 | achieve a goal | get a goal（錯） | | 引起注意 | draw attention | take attention（錯） | | 滿足需求 | meet a demand | reach a demand（錯） |
Tip：在你準備 IELTS 期間，每讀一篇英文文章——遇到動詞 + 名詞的搭配就抄下來。三個月累積 200 個 collocation 比背 GRE 7000 字有用。
「Less common items」是什麼意思？
Band 7 評分裡有 some less common items——意思是「偶爾用一兩個比較難的字」。
Common: important
Less common: paramount, pivotal, indispensable, of utmost importance
重點：不是整篇都用難字（會 awkward）——是 280 字裡點綴 5-8 個。
三個常見扣分點
扣分點 1：用 thesaurus 找字
The pollution is a colossal predicament that necessitates immediate ameliorative interventions.
每一個字都「對」——但連在一起不像人寫的。Band 5（awkward use）。
比較：
Air pollution has become a pressing issue that calls for immediate intervention.
簡單但精準。Band 7。
扣分點 2：拼字錯（影響意思）
| 寫的 | 想表達 | 實際意思 | |------------|---------------|--------------| | affect | 影響（動詞） | 對的 | | effect | 影響（名詞） | 對的 | | accept | 接受 | 對的 | | except | 除了 ≠ 接受 | 錯了 | | compliment | 讚美 ≠ 補充 | 錯了 | | complement | 補充 | 對的 |
這類錯誤每個扣 0.25。三個 = 半個 band。
扣分點 3：重複同一個字
Education is important. Education changes society. Education must be free. Education...
把 education 替換成 schooling / instruction / formal learning / academic provision。單字重複 > 5 次 = 詞彙範圍不足。
練習：替換挑戰
把這段 Band 5 的句子改成 Band 7：
Many people think social media is very bad. They say it makes children very sad and they have many problems. In my opinion, this is a very important issue that we need to do something about.
Band 7 改寫範例：
A growing number of commentators argue that social media exerts a damaging influence, particularly on younger users. They contend that heavy use is associated with elevated rates of anxiety and a range of related concerns. From my perspective, this is a pressing issue that warrants serious intervention.
對照差別——同樣的意思，詞彙範圍從 28 個跳到 45+。
延伸閱讀：