Task 2 因果段、結論段——therefore 是萬用字,但用四五次就膩。換一兩處用 hence,連接詞多樣性立刻提升。
字義
Hence (adv.) — for this reason; as a consequence; therefore.
意義跟 therefore 一樣——但 hence 語感更精簡、更書面,特別適合短結論。
5 個 Band 7+ 例句
- The trial showed no statistically significant effect; hence, further research is needed.
- Demand has fallen sharply; hence the recent factory closures.
- He grew up in a fishing village, hence his lifelong fascination with the sea.
- The system was poorly designed and hence prone to frequent failures.
- Public transport in the area is unreliable, hence the heavy reliance on private cars.
常見錯誤
句型靈活:hence 可以放在句首(Hence, the policy was scrapped.)或主動詞前(The policy was hence scrapped.)——但句首後的逗號可有可無,視語氣而定。
省略動詞用法:hence 後面可以直接接名詞(不需要動詞)——這是 therefore 做不到的。
- Demand fell, hence the closures. ✓(Demand fell, therefore the closures. ✗ 不自然)
- 寫到「結果是某個名詞」時,hence 比 therefore 更俐落。
意義偏移:別把 hence 當 from now(離開、從此)——古英語裡有這意思(two years hence)但 IELTS 別用,會繞圈。
同等級替換(Band 7+)
- Therefore — The data is incomplete; therefore, conclusions must remain tentative.(最安全)
- Thus — Costs have risen; thus, the project has been delayed.(更書面、更學術)
試試看
下次 Task 2,找到三個 therefore——把其中一個換成 hence,再用一次「hence the [名詞]」結構。連接詞多樣性立刻 Band 7+。
延伸閱讀: