IELTS Writing Task 1 的核心動作就是「比較」——compared with, compared to, in comparison with 幾乎每段都會出現。但 compare to 跟 compare with 語意不同，混用會讓考官覺得 Lexical Resource 不夠精準。

為什麼是 Taiwanese 特有錯誤

中文「比較」沒有分「比喻」跟「分析差異」——學生直接翻成 compare to 了事。結果 Task 1 滿篇 compared to，把「比喻」動詞硬塞進「分析差異」的情境，考官看得出來。

核心差異

| 詞組 | 意思 | 適用情境 | |------|------|---------| | compare A to B | 把 A 比喻成 B（poetry、metaphor） | 比喻、詩意、文學 | | compare A with B | 把 A 跟 B 擺在一起檢視異同 | 學術分析、圖表、研究 |

經典例子

  • Shakespeare compared love to a summer's day.（比喻 → to）
  • Researchers compared the results with last year's data.（分析 → with）

IELTS Academic Task 1 幾乎永遠是後者——你在分析圖表差異，不是寫詩。

❌ Wrong vs ✅ Correct

| ❌ Wrong（Task 1 情境）| ✅ Correct | |----------------------|-----------| | Sales doubled compared to 2019. | Sales doubled compared with 2019. | | The figure is higher compared to last year. | The figure is higher compared with last year. | | In comparison to the UK, France has... | In comparison with the UK, France has... | | Compared to men, women earned less. | Compared with men, women earned less. |

但要注意——美式英語對 compared to 用得比較寬鬆，連分析情境也常用 compared to。IELTS 是英式導向，**建議統一用 *compared with***，或至少不要混用。

比較實用升級句型

Task 1 比較時，除了 compared with 還有：

| 句型 | 範例 | |------|------| | In comparison with X, Y... | In comparison with 2020, sales rose sharply. | | Unlike X, Y... | Unlike Japan, Korea showed growth. | | Whereas X did A, Y did B. | Whereas exports rose, imports fell. | | X, by contrast, ... | Japan declined; Korea, by contrast, grew. |

寫 Task 1 切記：**同一段別重複 compared with 三次**——換著用 in contrast, on the other hand, whereas。

介系詞細節整理

| 動詞 / 名詞 | 常配介系詞 | |------------|-----------| | compare (v.) | with（分析）、to（比喻） | | comparison (n.) | with、to、between | | in comparison ___ | with（英）/ to（美） | | compared ___ | with（英）/ to（美） |

Quick Drill — 10 題判斷最適合的介系詞

  1. Compared ___ the previous year, sales increased.
  2. The poet compared her smile ___ sunshine.
  3. In comparison ___ public transport, cars are expensive.
  4. Taiwan's GDP is small compared ___ China's.
  5. He compared my cooking ___ his mother's (metaphorically).
  6. Researchers compared the new drug ___ the old one.
  7. Compared ___ 1980, the population has doubled.
  8. She compared the sunset ___ a painting.
  9. Compared ___ men, women live longer on average.
  10. Let's compare the two designs ___ each other.

Answer Key

| # | 答案 | 解釋 | |---|------|------| | 1 | with | 分析差異 | | 2 | to | 比喻 | | 3 | with | 分析差異 | | 4 | with | 分析差異 | | 5 | to | 比喻 | | 6 | with | 實驗分析 | | 7 | with | 分析差異 | | 8 | to | 比喻 | | 9 | with | 分析差異 | | 10 | with | 分析差異（with each other） |

記住這一條

IELTS Task 1 動作是分析不是寫詩——統一用 compared with / in comparison with。Speaking Part 3 討論時也一樣——學術情境 with，文學修辭才用 to。

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