這是台灣考生在 Writing Task 2 最常見的主謂一致錯誤。原因？each / every / all 中文都翻「每個 / 全部」——但英文裡，動詞要不要加 s 完全不同。
規則一頁看完
| 主詞 | 動詞 | 範例 | |------|------|------| | each + 單數名詞 | 單數 | Each student has a textbook. | | every + 單數名詞 | 單數 | Every child needs sleep. | | all + 複數名詞 | 複數 | All students have textbooks. | | all + 不可數名詞 | 單數 | All the information is confidential. | | each of + 複數名詞 | 單數 | Each of the students has a textbook. | | everyone / everybody | 單數 | Everyone is here. | | all of + 複數名詞 | 複數 | All of the students have arrived. |
為什麼是 Taiwanese 特有錯誤
中文「每個學生都有書」、「所有學生都有書」——動詞「有」沒變化。英文卻要區分 each student has / all students have——三單還要加 s。
6 個 ❌ vs ✅ 對比
| ❌ Wrong | ✅ Correct | |---------|-----------| | Each of the candidates have to wait. | Each of the candidates has to wait. | | Every children need attention. | Every child needs attention. | | All student is required to attend. | All students are required to attend. | | Everyone are excited. | Everyone is excited. | | Each students has a different background. | Each student has a different background. | | All of the information are useful. | All of the information is useful. |
兩個容易卡的點
1. Each / every 即使「邏輯上很多」，動詞還是單數
Every country in the world has its own customs. ✓ (世界上每個國家——還是單數動詞)
Each of the 200 students was interviewed. ✓ (200 個——但 each 強調「逐一」，動詞單數)
2. Everyone / everybody / everything 都接單數
Everyone is welcome. ✓ Everything was ready. ✓ Everybody has an opinion. ✓
但代名詞回指可以用 they / their：
- Everyone has their own way of learning. ✓ (gender-neutral 的 they，現代英文標準)
Quick Drill — 選正確動詞
- Each of the rooms (has / have) a private bathroom.
- Every employee (is / are) entitled to paid leave.
- All students (was / were) given a textbook.
- Everyone (need / needs) to fill in this form.
- All the equipment (is / are) brand new.
- Each child (has / have) different abilities.
- Every one of the proposals (was / were) rejected.
- All of the participants (was / were) happy.
- Everybody in the class (was / were) confused.
- Each of these books (cost / costs) over a hundred dollars.
Answer Key
| # | 答案 | 為什麼 | |---|------|--------| | 1 | has | each of + 單數動詞 | | 2 | is | every + 單數 | | 3 | were | all + 複數名詞 + 複數動詞 | | 4 | needs | everyone + 單數 | | 5 | is | equipment 不可數 | | 6 | has | each + 單數 | | 7 | was | every one of + 單數 | | 8 | were | all of + 複數名詞 + 複數 | | 9 | was | everybody + 單數 | | 10 | costs | each of + 單數動詞 |
記住這一條
Each / every / everyone / everybody / everything = 單數。All + 複數名詞 = 複數，all + 不可數 = 單數。寫完檢查每個 each / every / all 後面的動詞——5 秒救一個 Grammar 扣分。
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