下面哪一句是對的？

A. I enjoy to swim in the morning. B. I enjoy swimming in the morning. C. I want swimming in the morning. D. I want to swim in the morning.

答案：B 跟 D。enjoy 後面只接動名詞（-ing），want 後面只接不定詞（to + 原形）。兩者之間沒有規則可以推論——只能背。

這類錯誤每次出現就是 Grammar Accuracy 一個扣分。本篇整理最常考的50 個動詞 + 4 組意思會變的關鍵動詞，背完這一篇，Task 2 動名詞/不定詞的錯誤會歸零。

先看過 被動語態、條件句、情態動詞 的人——這是 Grammar Range 的最後一塊基礎拼圖。

核心概念

| 形式 | 組成 | 意義感覺 | |--------------|-------------------|-----------------------------------| | 動名詞（Gerund） | 動詞 + -ing | 正在進行／實際發生的活動；名詞化 | | 不定詞（Infinitive） | to + 原形動詞 | 未來的／目的性的動作；抽象目的 |

這個「進行感 vs 目的感」是理解動詞分類的直覺——但背單字清單還是最快。

分類 1：只接 -ing（動名詞）

記住一個口訣：享受、避免、建議、完成、考慮——這五組動詞只接 -ing。

| 類別 | 動詞 | |--------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------| | 享受 / 偏好 | enjoy, like, love, hate, prefer, dislike, mind, miss, appreciate | | 避免 / 停止 | avoid, give up, quit, stop, finish, postpone, put off, delay, keep, keep on | | 建議 / 承認 | suggest, recommend, admit, deny, confess, mention, report | | 思考 / 考慮 | consider, imagine, picture, fancy | | 其他高頻 | practise, risk, involve, include, resist, tolerate, can't help, can't stand |

範例

I enjoy reading historical novels. She avoided answering the question. Governments should consider investing more in renewables. He quit smoking five years ago. I don't mind waiting an extra ten minutes.

分類 2：只接 to + 原形（不定詞）

記住：想要、決定、計畫、同意、學習——這五組只接 to。

| 類別 | 動詞 | |----------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------| | 想要 / 期望 | want, wish, hope, expect, desire, long | | 決定 / 計畫 | decide, plan, aim, intend, arrange, choose | | 同意 / 拒絕 | agree, refuse, promise, threaten, offer | | 學習 / 嘗試 | learn, manage, fail, attempt, afford | | 其他高頻 | seem, appear, tend, happen, pretend, deserve, ask, demand, expect, need |

範例

Governments aim to reduce emissions by 50% by 2030. She learned to play the piano as a child. The company refused to comment on the allegations. Most citizens tend to support stricter regulations on pollution.

分類 3：介系詞後面一律動名詞

這條規則沒有例外——介系詞（at, of, about, in, for, on, without, before, after...）後面只能接 -ing，不能接 to。

interested in learning / good at solving / afraid of failing / capable of achieving She's keen on travelling. Thank you for helping me. Before making a decision, weigh the evidence.

陷阱：to 有時是介系詞，不是不定詞——此時後面要接 -ing！

I look forward to seeing you.（to 是介系詞） She's accustomed to working late.（to 是介系詞） We object to being treated like children.（to 是介系詞）

辨認技巧：如果 to 後面可以接名詞（look forward to the weekend），它就是介系詞——後接動詞要用 -ing。

分類 4：兩者皆可，意思不變

這幾個動詞後面 -ing 或 to 都可以、意思差別極小。

| 動詞 | 例句 | |--------------|---------------------------------------------------------| | begin | It began to rain. / It began raining. | | start | She started to cry. / She started crying. | | continue | He continued to speak. / He continued speaking. | | like / love / hate / prefer（英式差異小；美式偏 to） | I like reading. / I like to read. |

分類 5：兩者皆可，意思不同⚠️（最常考）

這是動名詞／不定詞考試的重頭戲。同一個動詞、後面接 -ing 或 to，意思完全不同。

remember

I remember meeting her at the conference. = 我記得（過去）見過她 Remember to lock the door. = 記得（未來）要鎖門

規則：remember doing = 回憶過去；remember to do = 提醒自己做。

forget

I'll never forget seeing the Great Wall. = 永遠忘不了那次看到的經驗 Don't forget to send the email. = 不要忘記去寄

stop

He stopped smoking ten years ago. = 戒菸 He stopped to smoke a cigarette. = 停下來（為了）抽根菸

stop doing = 停止做；stop to do = 為了做而停下。

try

I tried calling him, but there was no answer. = 嘗試「用打電話這個方法」 I tried to call him, but my phone was dead. = 努力想打（但沒成功）

try doing = 試試看某個方法；try to do = 努力嘗試去做。

regret

I regret telling her. = 後悔告訴她了 I regret to tell you that your application has failed. = 遺憾地告訴你（正式用語）

mean

Missing the train meant waiting two hours. = 意味著 I meant to call you yesterday. = 本來打算

6 個 Band 7+ 示範句

  1. Most policymakers agree that investing in preventive care delivers higher long-term returns than treating chronic illness.
  2. Teenagers increasingly avoid spending time outdoors, which may contribute to rising rates of anxiety.
  3. The government decided to postpone introducing the new tax until the economic outlook stabilises.
  4. Parents should consider encouraging their children to develop hobbies beyond screens.
  5. Companies that refuse to reduce emissions risk losing access to major markets.
  6. I vividly remember visiting Kyoto as a child; the experience inspired me to study Japanese literature.

台灣學生常見 L1 轉移錯誤

錯誤 1：全部用 to

中文「我喜歡游泳」沒有動名詞概念——學生直接翻成 I like to swim——偶爾對但遇到 enjoy, avoid, suggest 就錯。

❌ I enjoy to read books. ✅ I enjoy reading books.

錯誤 2：to + -ing 混用

❌ I want to studying abroad. ✅ I want to study abroad.

to 後面是原形——沒有 -ing。

錯誤 3：介系詞 to 認不出來

❌ I look forward to meet you. ✅ I look forward to meeting you.（to 是介系詞）

錯誤 4：suggest 誤用

❌ I suggest to go to the park. ✅ I suggest going to the park. 或 I suggest that we go to the park.

suggest 後面接動名詞或 that 子句，絕不接 to。

10 題自測

選擇 -ing 或 to 形式。

  1. She promised ____ (call) me tomorrow.
  2. I really enjoy ____ (listen) to classical music.
  3. Would you mind ____ (open) the window?
  4. He refused ____ (answer) any more questions.
  5. I remember ____ (visit) Kyoto when I was ten.
  6. Don't forget ____ (lock) the door before you leave.
  7. I'm looking forward to ____ (see) you next month.
  8. She stopped ____ (smoke) three years ago for health reasons.
  9. Governments should consider ____ (invest) more in renewables.
  10. I learned ____ (play) the guitar from my uncle.

解答

  1. to call (promise 接 to)
  2. listening (enjoy 接 -ing)
  3. opening (mind 接 -ing)
  4. to answer (refuse 接 to)
  5. visiting (回憶過去 = -ing)
  6. to lock (提醒未來 = to)
  7. seeing (to 是介系詞)
  8. smoking (戒掉 = -ing)
  9. investing (consider 接 -ing)
  10. to play (learn 接 to)

自我檢查：錯 1-2 題代表掌握良好；錯 3 題以上請重背分類 1 + 2 的動詞清單，並特別注意第 5-7 題（意思會變 / to 是介系詞的陷阱）。

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