時間對比型長條圖（同類別跨年份）最大的陷阱——每類都寫「漲了／跌了」。關鍵要抓「變化最大」跟「維持不變」兩個主角。本篇用英國 2003 vs 2023 家庭開支示範主配角結構。
題目與數據
The bar chart below shows the average monthly household spending (in GBP) on six categories in the UK in 2003 and 2023. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.
資料（單位：英鎊／月）：
| 類別 | 2003 | 2023 | |------|------|------| | 住房 Housing | 480 | 920 | | 食品 Food | 260 | 340 | | 交通 Transport | 220 | 290 | | 休閒 Leisure | 180 | 210 | | 通訊 Communication | 40 | 180 | | 教育 Education | 60 | 150 |
完整範文（168 字）
¹ The bar chart compares average monthly household expenditure, in British pounds, across six spending categories in the United Kingdom in 2003 and 2023.
² Overall, UK households spent considerably more in every category in 2023 than two decades earlier, with the largest absolute rise occurring in housing costs, and the sharpest proportional increase in communication, which grew more than fourfold.
³ Housing was by far the dominant expense in both years, almost doubling from £480 to £920 per month and consistently absorbing the greatest share of the family budget. ⁴ Food and transport followed well behind, rising from £260 to £340 and from £220 to £290 respectively — modest growth of roughly 30% in each case.
⁵ The most striking shifts, however, came in the two smallest categories. ⁶ Communication spending climbed from just £40 to £180, a more than fourfold jump, while education more than doubled to £150. ⁷ Leisure, in contrast, remained comparatively stable, inching up only from £180 to £210 across the twenty years.
句句 Band Descriptor 解析
- 句 1 — Task Achievement: 改寫題目，household expenditure 比原題 spending 更學術。
- 句 2 — Task Achievement (Overview): 兩個主要特徵——「最大絕對漲幅」vs「最大比例漲幅」區隔清楚。這個對比是 Band 7 overview 的經典結構。
- 句 3 — Lexical: the dominant expense / absorbing the greatest share of the family budget——兩組 topic-specific 高分詞。
- 句 4 — Grammar Range: rising from X to Y and from A to B respectively——用 respectively 一句處理兩類別。
- 句 5 — Coherence: The most striking shifts, however, — 轉折 + 提綱（shifts = 變化大的那幾類）。
- 句 6 — Lexical: a more than fourfold jump — 倍數 + jump 比 increase 生動。
- 句 7 — Lexical: remained comparatively stable, inching up only — 描述「幾乎沒變」的兩個精準詞。
10 組高分詞彙
| Phrase | 中文 | |--------|------| | average monthly expenditure | 平均月支出 | | the dominant expense | 最主要的開支 | | absorb the greatest share of the budget | 佔預算最大比例 | | the sharpest proportional increase | 比例漲幅最大 | | modest growth of roughly X% | 約 X% 的溫和成長 | | the most striking shifts | 最顯著的變化 | | a more than fourfold jump | 超過四倍的躍升 | | remain comparatively stable | 維持相對穩定 | | inching up only | 僅微幅上升 | | well behind | 遠遠落後 |
本篇避開的常見錯誤
錯誤：六類都寫「從 X 漲到 Y」。 結果 overview 消失，lexical 重複，Task Achievement 卡 6.0。
本範文的主配角結構：
- 主角 1（絕對漲幅冠軍）：Housing £480→£920
- 主角 2（比例漲幅冠軍）：Communication £40→£180
- 配角：Food / Transport 放在一句用 respectively 打包
- 反差：Leisure 用 inching up only 凸顯「幾乎沒變」
記住：每類給同樣篇幅 = Band 6；分出主角配角 = Band 7。