運動（Sport & Exercise）是 IELTS 的「隱形必考」主題：Task 2 常問國家是否該補助職業運動、兒童是否該強制上體育課；Speaking Part 1 幾乎每場都會問 Do you do any sport?；Part 2 經常出 Describe a sport you enjoy watching。
問題是，九成考生翻來覆去只會 play basketball, run, it is good for health——Band 5-6 的語彙。Band 7+ 要的是 take up a sport, build stamina, elite athletes, grassroots participation 這類運動領域專屬的字。
先搭配 Band 6 → 7 詞彙升級 與 Academic Collocations 打底。
為什麼這個主題考驗詞彙
運動詞彙跨兩個語域：日常口語（kick a ball, go for a run）與學術書面（cardiovascular fitness, public health outcomes）。Speaking 用前者會自然；Task 2 用前者會顯得幼稚。兩種都要會。
五大子類詞彙
1. 運動類型（Types of Sport）
| 中文 | 英文 | Band 7+ 例句 | |--------------|---------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| | 團隊運動 | team sports | Team sports cultivate cooperation in ways that solo disciplines rarely match. | | 個人運動 | individual disciplines | Individual disciplines such as swimming reward sustained self-motivation. | | 極限運動 | extreme sports | Extreme sports attract participants seeking calculated physical risk. | | 水上運動 | aquatic sports | Aquatic sports have become more accessible since community pools expanded. | | 球拍類運動 | racket sports | Racket sports sharpen reflexes and lateral movement simultaneously. |
2. 健身訓練（Fitness & Training）
| 中文 | 英文 | Band 7+ 例句 | |----------------|-----------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| | 有氧運動 | cardiovascular exercise | Thirty minutes of daily cardiovascular exercise measurably reduces heart disease risk. | | 肌力訓練 | strength training | Strength training preserves bone density well into later life. | | 耐力 | stamina | Distance runners develop stamina through months of incremental mileage. | | 體能 | physical conditioning | Modern footballers require year-round physical conditioning, not seasonal training. | | 暖身 | warm-up routine | A proper warm-up routine halves the likelihood of soft-tissue injury. |
3. 競賽與表現（Competition & Performance）
| 中文 | 英文 | Band 7+ 例句 | |--------------|-------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| | 職業選手 | elite athletes | Elite athletes now retire later thanks to advances in sports science. | | 錦標賽 | championship | Hosting a major championship transforms a city's sporting infrastructure. | | 場館 | venue | Purpose-built venues outlast the tournaments they were designed for by decades. | | 奪冠 | clinch the title | The team clinched the title in stoppage time, sealing a remarkable comeback. | | 破紀錄 | break a record | Several world records were broken at the last Olympic Games. |
4. 效益（Benefits）
| 中文 | 英文 | Band 7+ 例句 | |----------------|-----------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| | 紀律 | discipline | Regular training instils a discipline that transfers to academic work. | | 團隊精神 | teamwork / camaraderie | Team sports foster camaraderie that lasts long after the final whistle. | | 心理韌性 | mental resilience | Competitive sport builds mental resilience as much as physical strength. | | 社區凝聚 | community cohesion | Local leagues contribute to community cohesion in a way few institutions match. | | 減壓 | stress relief | A weekly game offers genuine stress relief after long office hours. |
5. 議題（Issues）
| 中文 | 英文 | Band 7+ 例句 | |----------------|-------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| | 久坐 | sedentary lifestyle | A sedentary lifestyle is driving a measurable decline in adolescent fitness. | | 基層參與 | grassroots participation | Grassroots participation has fallen even as elite performance has improved. | | 運動禁藥 | performance-enhancing drugs | The use of performance-enhancing drugs continues to undermine public trust. | | 運動商品化 | commercialisation | The commercialisation of professional football has distanced clubs from their fans. | | 運動傷害 | sports injuries | Chronic sports injuries cut many careers short before their thirtieth birthday. |
高頻搭配詞束
| 中文 | Collocation | 示範 | |------------------|-----------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------| | 開始一項運動 | take up a sport | I took up badminton during the pandemic and have played weekly since. | | 培養耐力 | build stamina | Long-distance cyclists build stamina over several seasons. | | 保持體態 | keep fit / stay in shape | Most adults cite a wish to keep fit as their main reason to exercise. | | 定期訓練 | train regularly | Those who train regularly report better sleep and sharper focus. | | 舉辦賽事 | host a tournament | Cities that host tournaments see hotel revenue rise for months afterwards. | | 參加比賽 | compete in / enter | She has competed in three Olympic Games. |
避免這些被用到爛的字
| 過度使用 ❌ | Band 7+ 替換 ✓ | |----------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------| | play sport | participate in / take part in / engage in physical activity | | good at | proficient in / skilled at / a formidable player | | strong | athletic / well-conditioned / physically robust | | do exercise | work out / train / engage in regular physical activity |
提醒：Speaking 裡 play sport 沒問題，但 Task 2 要升級。反之 engage in physical activity 在閒聊裡聽起來太生硬——分語域使用。
150 字示範段
題目脈絡：Some argue governments should fund grassroots sport rather than elite athletes.
I would argue that a healthy sporting nation depends on investment at both ends of the pyramid, though grassroots participation deserves the larger share of public funding. When local councils equip schools with decent pitches and subsidise community leagues, children take up a sport early and develop the discipline and stamina that benefit them for life. Countries with strong grassroots systems, such as the Netherlands and Denmark, consistently produce more elite athletes per capita than those that chase medals through centralised academies. By contrast, channelling disproportionate funds into professional squads risks deepening the drift toward commercialisation while doing little to reverse the sedentary lifestyle among ordinary citizens. A balanced settlement — well-resourced school sport, affordable community venues, and targeted support for genuinely promising competitors — delivers both public health gains and the occasional gold medal.
段內自然嵌入 8 個主題詞彙與 2 組搭配——這是 Band 7+ 的整合節奏。
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