運動是 Part 1 / Part 2 的常客——但 Part 3 的運動題完全不問「你打什麼球」。考的是 "Why are sports so important in society?" 這類社會學問題。台灣考生常一答就掉到 Part 1 的個人經驗層級。
五個常見角度
| 角度 | 題目範例 | |------|----------| | 社會功能 | Why do governments invest so much in sport? | | 競爭文化 | Is too much competition harmful for children? | | 性別平等 | Why is women’s sport less covered by the media? | | 商業化 | Has professional sport become too commercialised? | | 個人 vs 團隊 | Are team sports more valuable than individual sports? |
5 題代表題 + Band 7+ 範例
Q1. Why do governments invest heavily in sports?
Several reasons interact. Generally speaking, sport is a cheap source of soft power — hosting the Olympics or winning gold medals projects national prestige. There’s also a public-health angle: encouraging exercise reduces healthcare costs in the long run. Arguably the political appeal matters too — sporting success creates short-term popularity that politicians value. So it’s rarely about sport for its own sake.
Q2. Is too much competition bad for children?
It tends to depend on how it’s framed. Healthy competition can teach resilience and effort — children who never lose anything struggle later. On the other hand, when competition becomes the only frame — every match is high-stakes, every grade ranks them — it can corrode intrinsic motivation. Finland’s schools deliberately delay competitive grading until age 13, and the results suggest that’s healthier developmentally.
Q3. Why does women’s sport receive less media attention than men’s?
It’s a self-reinforcing cycle, honestly. Lower coverage means lower viewership, which means lower sponsorship, which means lower investment, which keeps coverage low. That said, the gap has been closing — women’s football in particular has seen huge growth in audience numbers when broadcasters actually bother to show it. So the imbalance is mostly structural, not about audience demand.
Q4. Has professional sport become too commercialised?
I’d say arguably yes, in some sports. Football clubs sell their identity for shirt sponsorships, fans are priced out of stadiums, and broadcasters fragment matches across paywalls. On the other hand, that money has dramatically improved player wages, training facilities and the women’s game. So commercialisation is a genuine trade-off, not a clear loss.
Q5. Are team sports more useful for development than individual sports?
They teach different things, so it’s not really a ranking. Team sports build cooperation, communication and how to handle teammates you didn’t choose — quite useful for adult work. Individual sports like swimming or running tend to teach self-discipline and how to compete against your own past performance, which is a rarer skill. On the whole I’d say children benefit from exposure to both rather than specialising too early.
三層結構提醒
Claim — Generally speaking / It depends on / Arguably
Reason — because / partly because / the evidence shows
Example — Olympics / Finland’s schools / women’s football growth主題詞彙（Band 7 級）
| 詞彙 | 中文 | 範例 chunk | |------|------|------------| | soft power | 軟實力 | sport as soft power | | national prestige | 國家威望 | Olympic gold boosts national prestige | | commercialisation | 商業化 | over-commercialisation of football | | sponsorship deal | 贊助合約 | lucrative sponsorship deals | | intrinsic motivation | 內在動機 | protect children’s intrinsic motivation | | high-stakes | 高風險 | high-stakes youth sport | | grassroots sport | 基層運動 | invest in grassroots sport | | spectator culture | 觀賽文化 | a passionate spectator culture | | fair play | 運動家精神 | teach fair play from a young age | | doping | 禁藥 | the doping scandal undermined credibility | | gender pay gap | 性別薪資差距 | the persistent gender pay gap in sport | | broadcasting rights | 轉播權 | rising broadcasting rights fees | | public health | 公共衛生 | sport as a public-health investment |
台灣考生常見陷阱：掉回 Part 1
"I love basketball. I play with my friends every weekend." ——這是 Part 1 答案。Part 3 要的是社會層級分析。
修正：把個人改成社會：
Before: I play basketball every weekend.
After: Basketball is hugely popular in Taiwan, partly because the courts are everywhere — almost every park, school and apartment complex has one. Generally speaking, that low barrier to entry shapes which sports take root in a country.