Part 3 跟 Part 1 的根本差別——Part 1 問你，Part 3 問人們。當題目是 "Why do people distrust the media?"，考生第一反應是「我不關心新聞啊」——然後卡住。

解法：你不需要個人經驗。你需要一組「我沒經驗也能評論」的句型。

八個萬用抽象句型

「我的觀察」系列

1. From what I can tell,... — "From what I can tell, most people get their news from social media these days, which makes verification harder."

2. From what I've seen,... — "From what I've seen, younger people are much more sceptical of traditional institutions..."

「我推測」系列

3. I'd imagine that... — "I'd imagine that the decline in trust has a lot to do with the sheer volume of conflicting information people see daily."

4. I suspect that... — "I suspect that economic pressure is the biggest driver here — when people feel insecure financially, trust erodes quickly."

「一般而言」系列

5. Generally speaking, I think... — "Generally speaking, I think urbanisation has changed community ties in ways that weren't predicted."

6. On the whole, it seems that... — "On the whole, it seems that modern work arrangements have created more flexibility but also more isolation."

「有邏輯推論」系列

7. It stands to reason that... — "It stands to reason that the more options people have, the harder decisions become — psychologists call this choice paralysis."

8. It's not hard to see why... — "It's not hard to see why rural populations are shrinking — the economic gravity pulls young people towards cities."

完整示範（Band 7+）

Question: Why do you think people in cities tend to be lonelier than in small communities?

Weak answer (Band 6): "Because the city is big. People don't know each other. They are busy."

Band 7+ with these frames:

From what I've seen, city loneliness has less to do with population size than with the nature of urban daily routines. Generally speaking, city workers commute long distances, return home tired, and rely on apps for food and entertainment — which means they have fewer spontaneous encounters than someone in a smaller town.

I'd imagine that in a small community, you bump into familiar faces several times a day — at the market, at the bus stop, at your child's school — and those micro-interactions accumulate into a sense of belonging. It stands to reason that when you remove those touchpoints, you end up physically surrounded by people but socially isolated.

Part 3 抽象題的三個「深度 move」

Move 1 — 從「個人」升級到「社會」

Weak: "I don't like social media." Strong: "On the whole, I think social media has changed how people form their sense of identity — especially for teenagers."

Move 2 — 承認 nuance（複雜性）

"It's not a simple question. On the one hand... but equally..." "I'd imagine the effect is different depending on [generation / culture / income level]."

Move 3 — 給原因 + 機制

不要只講 "because people are busy"。給機制：

"...because the economic incentives push in the opposite direction — rewarding individual achievement over collective effort."

最怕的三類題型

類型 1 — 抽象名詞題

"What is the role of X in modern society?" (X = tradition, family, technology, education...)

解法：把 X 具體化一個例子 → 給一個 generalisation → 加一個 nuance。

類型 2 — 「為什麼」題

"Why do you think people...?"

解法：給兩個層次的原因。"At the surface level, [obvious reason]. But more deeply, I'd imagine..."

類型 3 — 「影響」題

"What impact does X have on Y?"

解法：分正向 / 負向 + 短期 / 長期。

"In the short term, [positive]. But long term, I suspect [negative/complex]."

Try this

選 5 個 Part 3 抽象題，每題強迫用不同的句型起手。兩週後四個 frame 變成反射動作。

台灣考生的典型陷阱

台灣考生被抽象題問倒時常回："I don't know." / "I have no experience in this." —— Part 3 沒有「不知道」這個選項。任何題目都有抽象層面可以討論。

修正：把題目轉成「人們為什麼會這樣」。"I don't have experience with it myself, but generally speaking, I'd imagine..."。

一句話

Part 3 不是問「你」，是問「世界」。你沒經驗沒關係——你有觀察、有推論、有邏輯就夠了。

延伸閱讀：Speaking Part 3 · 四個 opinion frames · Speaking 技巧 · 爭取思考時間的片語