製程題寫成 First X is done. Then Y is done. After that Z is done. 是 Band 5.5 天花板。本篇用巧克力製程示範 sequencing 連接詞變化 + 分詞片語交替，並處理「天然原料→工業加工」兩階段 overview。
題目與流程
The diagram below shows how chocolate is produced from cocoa beans. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.
製程 8 步驟：
- Cocoa pods harvested from trees（採收可可莢）
- Beans removed from pods, placed in boxes（取出豆子入箱）
- Beans fermented for 5–7 days（發酵 5–7 天）
- Beans dried in sun for 1 week（曝曬 1 週）
- Beans shipped to factory（運至工廠）
- Beans roasted at 120°C（高溫烘烤）
- Roasted beans ground into cocoa paste（磨成可可漿）
- Paste mixed with sugar and milk, then moulded into bars（混合後注入模具成條）
完整範文（168 字）
¹ The diagram illustrates the eight-stage process by which chocolate bars are produced from raw cocoa beans, from harvest through to moulding.
² Overall, production falls into two clearly distinct phases: an initial stretch of natural preparation carried out on the farm, and a subsequent industrial stage in which the dried beans are transformed into a finished confectionery product.
³ The process begins with the harvesting of cocoa pods from mature trees, after which the beans are extracted and placed in wooden fermentation boxes. ⁴ They are left to ferment for between five and seven days, and then spread out in the sun to dry for a further week, completing the farm-based phase of the operation.
⁵ Once dried, the beans are shipped to a processing factory, where they are roasted at around 120°C to develop their flavour. ⁶ The roasted beans are subsequently ground into a thick cocoa paste, which is mixed with sugar and milk. ⁷ In the final step, the resulting blend is poured into moulds, where it cools and hardens to form the chocolate bars sold to consumers.
句句 Band Descriptor 解析
- 句 1 — Task Achievement: the eight-stage process by which... are produced — 用 by which relative 取代題目的 how。
- 句 2 — Task Achievement (Overview): falls into two clearly distinct phases — 製程 overview 的招牌句型。接著一句分別描述兩階段性質（natural preparation on the farm vs industrial stage）。Band 7+ overview。
- 句 3 — Grammar Range: after which the beans are extracted and placed — after which relative 連接，避免 Then...。
- 句 4 — Grammar Range: left to ferment... and then spread out... completing the farm-based phase — 三個動詞 + 分詞片語做小總結。
- 句 5 — Coherence: Once dried, 分詞開頭 = After they have been dried, 的縮略。
- 句 6 — Coherence: subsequently + which is mixed with 非限定子句連接。
- 句 7 — Lexical: poured into moulds, where it cools and hardens — 用 where 關係副詞 + cools and hardens 具體描述物理狀態。
10 組製程 sequencing 連接詞
| Phrase | 中文 | |--------|------| | the eight-stage process | 八階段製程 | | begins with / starts by | 始於 | | falls into two distinct phases | 可分為兩個明確階段 | | after which / following which | 隨後 | | once [dried / cooled] | 一旦…之後 | | subsequently / thereafter | 接著 | | where it [verbs] | 在該處… | | completing the X phase | 完成…階段 | | in the final step | 在最後步驟 | | sold to consumers / ready for distribution | 販售給消費者／準備出貨 |
本篇避開的常見錯誤
**錯誤：每句都用 Then / After that / Next。** — 連接詞庫太窄，Coherence 卡 6.0。
本範文的連接詞變化清單：
- §1（開始）：begins with... after which
- §2（農場階段）：then → and then → 分詞 completing
- §3（工廠階段）：Once dried → subsequently → which is mixed with
- §4（結束）：In the final step → where it cools and hardens
一共 8 個 step，用了至少 6 種不同連接方式——Coherence 自動 Band 7。
另一招——overview 要分階段（不要只寫「有 8 步」）。本範文分 natural / farm-based phase vs industrial stage 兩大類，Task Achievement 直接拉高。