過度觀光（overtourism）是 2024-2025 高頻 Task 2 主題——巴塞隆納、京都、威尼斯都上過國際新聞。本篇示範「部分同意」的精準寫法。
題目
Some people argue that tourism brings more harm than good to local communities.
To what extent do you agree or disagree?
Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience. Write at least 250 words.
題型：Opinion (Agree/Disagree)。我的立場：partly agree — depends on how it is managed。一面倒同意或反對都會丟 Task Response 分。
完整範文（296 字）
¹ Whether the global growth in leisure travel ultimately benefits or burdens the places that receive it has become a defining question for cities from Barcelona to Kyoto. ² I partly agree that tourism can do more harm than good, but only when it is allowed to expand without regulation; well-governed destinations continue to gain considerably more than they lose.
³ The argument for harm rests primarily on the social fabric of small communities. ⁴ When short-term rentals proliferate, longstanding residents are gradually priced out, schools shrink and the rhythms of ordinary neighbourhood life erode. ⁵ Venice now records under 50,000 permanent residents, less than a third of its 1970 population, while welcoming around twenty million visitors a year — a ratio that has produced visible cultural fatigue. ⁶ Cases of this kind explain why frustration with mass tourism has reached the streets of so many European cities.
⁷ Yet a blanket condemnation overlooks how decisive tourism revenue can be in regions with limited alternatives. ⁸ Coastal communities in Vietnam, southern Portugal and parts of Greece depend on visitor spending for upwards of a quarter of local employment, and the resulting income often funds infrastructure that residents themselves rely on. ⁹ Admittedly, the benefits flow unevenly, and a great deal depends on whether profits remain locally or migrate to international platforms. ¹⁰ Nevertheless, the appropriate response is calibration — caps on rentals, tourist taxes, dispersal beyond hotspots — rather than treating tourism itself as the villain.
¹¹ In conclusion, I agree that unregulated tourism harms host communities, but I disagree that the activity is intrinsically damaging. ¹² With sensible guardrails in place, the inflow of visitors remains one of the most effective tools small economies possess for sustaining themselves.
句句解析
§1 — Intro
- 句 1 (Hook + scope): "Whether the global growth in leisure travel ultimately benefits or burdens..." — paraphrase（tourism → leisure travel；harm → burden），兩城市點題。
- 句 2 (Thesis + nuance): "I partly agree... but only when it is allowed to expand without regulation..." — 立場明確但有條件，預告 §3 的反向論述。✓ Task Response 7
§2 — Pro-harm 論述
- 句 3 (Topic sentence): "The argument for harm rests primarily on the social fabric..." — 用 the argument for X rests on Y 句型展開。
- 句 4 (Mechanism): "When short-term rentals proliferate... priced out... shrink... erode." — 三動詞並列展示 lexical range。
- 句 5 (Evidence): "Venice now records under 50,000 permanent residents..." — 真實城市 + 數字 + 對比。✓ Lexical resource
- 句 6 (Implication): "Cases of this kind explain why frustration... has reached the streets..." — 把案例升級成現象。
§3 — 反向論述 + Concession + 政策
- 句 7 (Pivot): "Yet a blanket condemnation overlooks..." — Yet + blanket condemnation overlooks 是 Band 7+ pivot。
- 句 8 (Develop): "Coastal communities in Vietnam, southern Portugal and parts of Greece..." — 三個地點並列展示 scope。
- 句 9 (Concession): "Admittedly, the benefits flow unevenly..." — 雙向 concession：承認反方也承認自己這方有缺陷。
- 句 10 (Solution): "...the appropriate response is calibration — caps on rentals, tourist taxes, dispersal beyond hotspots — rather than..." — em-dash 三政策並列。
§4 — Conclusion
- 句 11 (Two-pronged restate): "I agree that unregulated tourism harms... but I disagree that the activity is intrinsically damaging." — 把 thesis 兩面講完。
- 句 12 (Final positioning): "With sensible guardrails in place..." — 結尾補一個 with 子句，展示文法 range。
四大評分項證據表
| 評分項 | 本篇證據 | Band | |--------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------| | Task Response | 立場有條件（partly agree）；兩段對比論述；真實城市範例（Venice, Vietnam, Portugal, Greece）；政策建議；雙向 concession | 7 | | Coherence & Cohesion | 段落功能分明（pro-harm → counter → conclusion）；linker 多樣（Yet, Admittedly, Nevertheless, With ... in place） | 7 | | Lexical Resource | Topic-specific（overtourism, short-term rentals, dispersal, guardrails, host communities）；搭配（priced out, blanket condemnation） | 7 | | Grammar Range | Passive（is allowed, are gradually priced out）；participle（welcoming around twenty million）；em-dash parallel；with-clause（With sensible guardrails） | 7 |
三個可複製的動作
1. partly agree + 條件子句
開門立場用 "I partly agree that X, but only when Y"——一句話既明確又有 nuance，比死硬同意/反對贏 Task Response 至少半個 band。
2. 雙向 concession
§3 句 9："Admittedly, the benefits flow unevenly" ——既然主場是反方，就承認自己也有弱點。雙向 concession 是 Band 7→8 的分水嶺。
3. Em-dash 三政策並列
句 10："caps on rentals, tourist taxes, dispersal beyond hotspots" ——三個 noun phrase 用 em-dash 包住，比寫 "such as A, B and C" 高階一級。